JENIS-JENIS TEKS DALAM BAHASA INGGRIS

Halo SobatAL, tahukah Kalian jenis-jenis teks dalam Bahasa Inggris?

Menurut bentuk, tujuan, dan cara penulisannya, setidaknya ada 13 jenis teks dalam bahasa Inggris. Banyak bange!! Apa saja itu?

Tenang sobatAL, Kakak akan jelasin satu per satu dan Kaka juga berikan contohnya di sini yaa, tolong dibaca sampai selesai biar kalian benar-benar paham.

1. Descriptive Text

Jenis teks yang pertama adalah descriptive text. Teks ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan kepada pembaca mengenai seseorang, tempat, atau benda secara detail.

Struktur penulisannya biasanya terdiri dari dua unsur berikut (1) pengenalan (identification) dan (2) deskripsi (Description). Ciri lain dari descriptive teks adalah penggunaan Simple Present Tense.

Contoh:

The tiniest bird in the world is the male bee hummingbird. Because it is so small, it is often mistaken for a bee or some other type of insect of that size. As a hummingbird, it is able to flap its wings extremely quickly, up to eighty times per second. With this really fast wing speed, the bee hummingbird can hover like a helicopter. fly forward, fly backward, or even fly upside down.

Struktur:

The tiniest bird …. (kalimat pertama) merupakan unsur (1) pengenalan.

Because … (kalimat-kalimat lainnya) adalah unsur (2) deiskripsi.

Secara keseluruhan teks di atas mendeskripsikan bee hummingbird sebagai burung paling kecil di dunia.

2. Recount Text

Recount text merupakan jenis teks yang ke dua. Teks ini bertujuan untuk menceritakan kepada pembaca mengenai kejadian yang sudah terjadi di masa lampau

Teks ini memiliki 3 unsur, yaitu (1) pengenalan (Orientation) (2) peristiwa (Event), dan (3) kesimpulan(reorientation). Recount Text biasanya menggunankan Past Tense.

Contoh:

I had a great and fun 2024 New Year’s Eve celebration in Jakarta. I celebrated the New Year’s Eve with my brothers and my beloved daughter. We had fish barbecue.

In the late afternoon on the 31^st December, my daughter and I went out to pick up my brother. On our way home, we stopped in Kramat Jati Fish Market and bought some fish and other stuff for our barbecue. We also bought some fire-crackers.

When my brothers were cooking, my daughter along with her friends and I played firecrackers. There was a bad incidence when we played the firecrackers. One of the firecrackers exploded in my right hands. Fortunately, it didn’t burn or hurt my hand but it was quite shocking.

It was great because I could celebrate New Year’s Eve in Jakarta again. In the two New Year’s Eve before, I celebrated out of Jakarta.

Struktur:

Orientation (paragraf 1)

Event (paragraph 2 & 3)

Reorientation (paragraph 4)

3. Narrative Text

Jenis teks berikutnya adalah Narative Text. Teks ini bertujuan untuk menceritakan sesuatu kepada pembaca.

Struktur penulisannya meliputi (1) pengenalan (Orientation), (2) konflik (Complication), dan (3) pemecahan masalah (Resolution), dan (4) kesimpulan (Reorientation).

Penulisan Narrative Teks biasanya menggunakan past tense. Narrative dan recount text memang mirip. Keduanya sama-sama menceritakan kejadian di masa lampau dan sama-sama menggunakan past tense (simple past tense, past continuous tense, atau past perfect tense. Perbedaannya adalah narrative text berupa dongeng, legenda , atau  folklore sedangkan recount text biasanya berupa biography, atau cerita tentang pengalaman pribadi.

Perbedaan lain antara kedua teks tersebut ada pada struktur penulisannya. Narrative Text memiliki unsur konflik sementara recount text tidak ada konflik yang terjadi.

Contoh

Sangkuriang and Dayang Sumbi

Once upon a time, a happy family lived in a kingdom in Priangan Land. They were a father in the form of a dog, his name was Tumang, a mother who was called Dayang Sumbi, and a child who was called Sangkuriang. One day, Dayang Sumbi asked her son to hunt with his lovely dog, Tumang. After hunting all day, Sangkuriang became desperate and worried because he hunted no deer. Then he thought of shooting his dog. After that, he took the dog’s liver and carried it home.

Soon, Dayang Sumbi found out that it was not deer lever but Tumang’s dog. So, She was furious and hit Sangkuriang’s head. In that incident, Sangkuriang got wounded, and a scar was cast away from their home.

Years passed, and Sangkuriang traveled to many places and finally arrived at a village. He met a beautiful woman and fell in love with her. When they were discussing their wedding plans, the woman looked at the wound on Sangkuriang’s head. It matched her son’s wound, who had left several years earlier. Soon she realized that she had fallen in love with her son.

She couldn’t marry him, but how to say it? Then, she found the way. She needed a lake and a boat to celebrate their wedding day. Sangkuriang had to make them one night before sunrise. He built a lake. With dawn just a moment away, the boat was almost complete. Dayang Sumbi had to stop it. Then, she lit up the eastern horizon with flashes of light. It made the cock crowded for a new day.

Sangkuriang failed to marry her. He was outraged and then kicked the boat. It felt over and became the mountain of Tangkuban Perahu Bandung

4. Report Text

Report teks merupakan salah satu jenis teks Bahasa Inggris yang paling sering kita dapatkan. Teks ini bertujuan untuk menyampaikan informasi kepada pembaca mengenai sesuatu hal apa adanya sebagai hasil dari penelitian.

Struktur penulisan Report Text meliputi (1) General classification (klasifikasi umum) dan (2) Description (deskripsi). Report text biasanya menggunakan simple present tense.

Contoh

Bears

Bears are mammals of the family Ursidae. Bears are classified as caniforms, or doglike carnivores, with the pinniped being their closest living relatives. Although there are only eight living species of bear, they are widespread, appearing in a wide variety of habitats throughout the Northern Hemisphere and partially in the Southern Hemisphere. Bears are found in the continents of North America, South America, Europe, and Asia.

Common characteristics of modern bears include a large body with short and solid legs, a long snout, shaggy hair, plantigrade paws with five nonrestrictive claws, and a short tail. While the polar bear is mostly carnivorous and the giant panda feeds almost entirely on bamboo, the remaining six species are omnivorous, with largely varied diets including both plants and animals.